Alabama

Last update: Nov. 2024

In Alabama, you may loan your firearms to another adult provided they are not prohibited from possessing a firearm. Under federal law, “prohibited possessors” are people with:

  • A felony conviction
  • A domestic violence misdemeanor conviction or restraining order against them
  • History of involuntary commitment to a mental health or substance abuse treatment facility
  • Being found mentally incompetent by a court
  • Dishonorable discharge from US Armed Forces
  • Undocumented immigrant status
  • Unlawful usage of controlled substances

For handguns, Alabama law extends the list above to people who are addicted to drugs and alcohol.

NOTE: Laws are subject to change. Information provided here is not legal advice or a full summary of laws. Consult a lawyer for legal advice.


Alaska

Last update: Nov. 2024

In Alaska you may loan your firearms to someone provided you don’t have reason to believe they are prohibited from possessing a firearm. Under federal law, “prohibited possessors” are people with:

  • A felony conviction
  • A domestic violence misdemeanor conviction or restraining order against them
  • History of involuntary commitment to a mental health or substance abuse treatment facility
  • Being found mentally incompetent by a court
  • Dishonorable discharge from US Armed Forces
  • Undocumented immigrant status
  • Unlawful usage of controlled substances

For handguns or other concealable firearms, Alaska law extends the list above to anyone who within the past 10 years was adjudicated delinquent as a minor of an offense that would be a felony if committed by an adult. Additionally, Alaska prevents the transfer of firearms to anyone under the influence of drugs or alcohol.

NOTE: Laws are subject to change. Information provided here is not legal advice or a full summary of laws. Consult a lawyer for legal advice.


Arizona

(Last update: Nov. 2024)

In Arizona you may loan your firearms to someone provided you don’t have reason to believe they are prohibited from possessing a firearm. Under federal law, “prohibited possessors” are people with:

  • A felony conviction
  • A domestic violence misdemeanor conviction or restraining order against them
  • History of involuntary commitment to a mental health or substance abuse treatment facility
  • Being found mentally incompetent by a court
  • Dishonorable discharge from US Armed Forces
  • Undocumented immigrant status
  • Unlawful usage of controlled substances

Arizona law extends the list above to people who are found by a court to be a danger to themselves or others who have not completed their court ordered treatment; people currently imprisoned, or on probation, for domestic violence offenses; people on parole, home arrest, work furlough, or community supervision; and people who have committed first or second degree burglary, arson, or robbery using a deadly weapon, or any other serious offense as a minor within the past 10 years. 


Arkansas

(Last update: Nov. 2024)

In Arkansas you may loan your firearms to someone provided you don’t have reason to believe they are prohibited from possessing a firearm. Under federal law, “prohibited possessors” are people with:

  • A felony conviction
  • A domestic violence misdemeanor conviction or restraining order against them
  • History of involuntary commitment to a mental health or substance abuse treatment facility
  • Being found mentally incompetent by a court
  • Dishonorable discharge from US Armed Forces
  • Undocumented immigrant status
  • Unlawful usage of controlled substances

NOTE: Laws are subject to change. Information provided here is not legal advice or a full summary of laws. Consult a lawyer for legal advice.


California

(Last update: Nov. 2024)

Under federal law, “prohibited possessors” include people with:

  • A felony conviction
  • A domestic violence misdemeanor conviction or restraining order against them
  • History of involuntary commitment to a mental health or substance abuse treatment facility
  • Being found mentally incompetent by a court
  • Dishonorable discharge from US Armed Forces
  • Undocumented immigrant status
  • Unlawful usage of controlled substances

California law extends the list above to people who are addicted to narcotic drugs, are barred from firearm possession as a condition of parole, or–if under the age of 30–were a ward of the juvenile court for committing certain violence-, drug-, or firearm-related offenses. California also bans people from possessing firearms for ten years if they have been convicted of certain misdemeanor offenses including those involving  violence, hate crimes, child or elder abuse, the unlawful misuse or unsafe storage of firearms, and, beginning in 2025, animal abuse.  

NOTE: Laws are subject to change. Information provided here is not legal advice or a full summary of laws. Consult a lawyer for legal advice.


Colorado

(Last update: Nov. 2024)

Firearms should not knowingly be loaned to someone who is prohibited from possessing a firearm. Under federal law, “prohibited possessors” include people with:

  • A felony conviction
  • A domestic violence misdemeanor conviction or restraining order against them
  • History of involuntary commitment to a mental health or substance abuse treatment facility
  • Being found mentally incompetent by a court
  • Dishonorable discharge from US Armed Forces
  • Undocumented immigrant status
  • Unlawful usage of controlled substances

Colorado law extends the list above to people who are under indictment for a felony or who in the past five years have been convicted of certain violence- or weapon-related misdemeanors or misdemeanor-level bias crimes, harassment, or cruelty to animals.

NOTE: Laws are subject to change. Information provided here is not legal advice or a full summary of laws. Consult a lawyer for legal advice.


Connecticut

(Last update: Nov. 2024)

Under Connecticut law, you may loan your handguns to a person only if they pass a background check and have a permit to carry handguns or a valid handgun eligibility certificate signifying that they have received safety training. Loans of rifles or shotguns also requires a background check and a valid long gun or handgun eligibility certificate. For individuals who are willing to hold a suicidal person’s firearms but who do not meet the above criteria, one option is to hold not the firearms themselves but a critical component (like the firing pin) to render the guns unable to fire. 

NOTE: Laws are subject to change. Information provided here is not legal advice or a full summary of laws. Consult a lawyer for legal advice.


Delaware

(Last update: Nov. 2024)

Although Delaware usually requires that a person must undergo a background check before you loan your firearms to them, Delaware makes exceptions for transfers between immediate family (defined as parent by law or blood, legal guardian, grandparent, child by law or blood, grandchild, sibling by law or blood, spouse, or civil union partner), for transfers of a gun to any law enforcement officer, for personal loans of guns lasting for under two weeks, or to transfer a gun to someone with a valid concealed carry permit.

Firearms should not knowingly be loaned to someone who is prohibited from possessing a firearm. Under federal law, “prohibited possessors” include people with:

  • A felony conviction
  • A domestic violence misdemeanor conviction or restraining order against them
  • History of involuntary commitment to a mental health or substance abuse treatment facility
  • Being found mentally incompetent by a court
  • Dishonorable discharge from US Armed Forces
  • Undocumented immigrant status
  • Unlawful usage of controlled substances

Delaware law extends the list above to people who are currently charged with certain violence-, firearm-, or drug-related offenses; adults under age 25 who as juveniles were found delinquent for offenses that if committed by an adult would be felonies; and people who were found guilty of certain violence-related misdemeanors within the past five years.

NOTE: Laws are subject to change. Information provided here is not legal advice or a full summary of laws. Consult a lawyer for legal advice.


D.C.

(Last update: Nov. 2024)

DC law strictly controls transfers of firearms between individuals. With very few exceptions, you may only loan your firearms to a person who holds a valid firearm registration for that firearm. Registration certificates involve being fingerprinted, photographed, and background checked, and applicants must show proof of having taken a safety class. Given these constraints, persons who are willing to hold firearms for a suicidal friend or family member may consider holding onto a critical component of the firearm instead, such as the firing pin, in order to prevent it from being able to fire.

NOTE: Laws are subject to change. Information provided here is not legal advice or a full summary of laws. Consult a lawyer for legal advice.


Florida

(Last update: Nov. 2024)

In Florida you may loan your firearms to an adult provided they are not prohibited from possessing a firearm. Under federal law, “prohibited possessors” are people with:

  • A felony conviction
  • A domestic violence misdemeanor conviction or restraining order against them
  • History of involuntary commitment to a mental health or substance abuse treatment facility
  • Being found mentally incompetent by a court
  • Dishonorable discharge from US Armed Forces
  • Undocumented immigrant status
  • Unlawful usage of controlled substances

Florida law extends the list above to people who are addicted to alcohol, those under age 24 who were convicted of a crime of felony level as a minor, and those subject to a court order that bans them from possessing  firearms.

NOTE: Laws are subject to change. Information provided here is not legal advice or a full summary of laws. Consult a lawyer for legal advice.


Georgia

(Last update: Nov. 2024)

In Georgia, you may loan your firearms to another adult provided they are not prohibited from possessing a firearm. Under federal law, “prohibited possessors” are people with:

  • A felony conviction
  • A domestic violence misdemeanor conviction or restraining order against them
  • History of involuntary commitment to a mental health or substance abuse treatment facility
  • Being found mentally incompetent by a court
  • Dishonorable discharge from US Armed Forces
  • Undocumented immigrant status
  • Unlawful usage of controlled substances

NOTE: Laws are subject to change. Information provided here is not legal advice or a full summary of laws. Consult a lawyer for legal advice.


Hawaii

(Last update: Nov. 2024)

Hawaii law strictly controls transfers of firearms between individuals. Temporary loans of handguns may only be made to an adult with a firearm permit for that handgun. Permits require undergoing an enhanced background check and showing proof of having taken firearms training. Loans of shotguns or rifles do not require the holder to have a firearm permit, provided the loan is for no longer than 15 days. Given these restrictions, another option for a person wishing to hold a suicidal person’s firearms is to hold onto a critical component of the gun only, such as the firing pin, so that the firearms cannot fire.

NOTE: Laws are subject to change. Information provided here is not legal advice or a full summary of laws. Consult a lawyer for legal advice.


Idaho

(Last update: Nov. 2024)

In Idaho you may loan your firearms to another adult provided they are not prohibited from possessing a firearm. Under federal law, “prohibited possessors” are people with:

  • A felony conviction
  • A domestic violence misdemeanor conviction or restraining order against them
  • History of involuntary commitment to a mental health or substance abuse treatment facility
  • Being found mentally incompetent by a court
  • Dishonorable discharge from US Armed Forces
  • Undocumented immigrant status
  • Unlawful usage of controlled substances

NOTE: Laws are subject to change. Information provided here is not legal advice or a full summary of laws. Consult a lawyer for legal advice.


Illinois

(Last update: Nov. 2024)

Under Illinois law, you may only loan your firearms to an adult who has a Firearm Owner Identification (FOID) card or a permit to carry a concealed weapon. FOID cards indicate that the person has undergone an Illinois background check. Exceptions are made for transfers between family members (defined as a spouse, child by law or blood, parent by law or blood, sibling, uncle/aunt, nephew/niece, grandparent, and grandchild).

Firearms should not knowingly be loaned to someone who is prohibited from possessing a firearm. Under federal law, “prohibited possessors” include people with:

  • A felony conviction
  • A domestic violence misdemeanor conviction or restraining order against them
  • History of involuntary commitment to a mental health or substance abuse treatment facility
  • Being found mentally incompetent by a court
  • Dishonorable discharge from US Armed Forces
  • Undocumented immigrant status
  • Unlawful usage of controlled substances

Illinois law extends the list above to people convicted of certain violent misdemeanors, people under 28 with a juvenile record of certain serious crimes, and people declared by a court to be dangerous to self or others.

NOTE: Laws are subject to change. Information provided here is not legal advice or a full summary of laws. Consult a lawyer for legal advice.


Indiana

(Last update: Nov. 2024)

In Indiana you may loan your firearms to another adult provided they are not prohibited from possessing a firearm. Under federal law, “prohibited possessors” are people with:

  • A felony conviction
  • A domestic violence misdemeanor conviction or restraining order against them
  • History of involuntary commitment to a mental health or substance abuse treatment facility
  • Being found mentally incompetent by a court
  • Dishonorable discharge from US Armed Forces
  • Undocumented immigrant status
  • Unlawful usage of controlled substances

Indiana law extends the list above to people with certain violent misdemeanor convictions, those who have been declared by a court to be dangerous to self or others, and people with a juvenile record of certain serious serious violent crimes who are under the age of 26 or 28 (depending on the offense).

NOTE: Laws are subject to change. Information provided here is not legal advice or a full summary of laws. Consult a lawyer for legal advice.


Iowa

(Last update: Nov. 2024)

In Iowa, you may loan your firearms to another adult provided they are not prohibited from possessing a firearm. Under federal law, “prohibited possessors” include:

Firearms should not knowingly be loaned to someone who is prohibited from possessing a firearm. Under federal law, “prohibited possessors” include people with:

  • A felony conviction
  • A domestic violence misdemeanor conviction or restraining order against them
  • History of involuntary commitment to a mental health or substance abuse treatment facility
  • Being found mentally incompetent by a court
  • Dishonorable discharge from US Armed Forces
  • Undocumented immigrant status
  • Unlawful usage of controlled substances

Iowa law extends that list to include people with a juvenile record of felony-type crimes or who are alcoholic or possess illegal drugs.

NOTE: Laws are subject to change. Information provided here is not legal advice or a full summary of laws. Consult a lawyer for legal advice.


Kansas

(Last update: Nov. 2024)

In Kansas you may loan your firearms to another adult provided they are not prohibited from possessing a firearm. Under federal law, “prohibited possessors” are people with:

  • A felony conviction
  • A domestic violence misdemeanor conviction or restraining order against them
  • History of involuntary commitment to a mental health or substance abuse treatment facility
  • Being found mentally incompetent by a court
  • Dishonorable discharge from US Armed Forces
  • Undocumented immigrant status
  • Unlawful usage of controlled substances

Kansas law extends the list above to to people with a juvenile record of certain serious crimes if those crimes occurred not less 3-8 years ago (depending on the crime).

NOTE: Laws are subject to change. Information provided here is not legal advice or a full summary of laws. Consult a lawyer for legal advice.


Kentucky

(Last update: Nov. 2024)

n Kentucky you may loan your firearms to another adult provided they are not prohibited from possessing a firearm. Under federal law, “prohibited possessors” are people with:

  • A felony conviction
  • A domestic violence misdemeanor conviction or restraining order against them
  • History of involuntary commitment to a mental health or substance abuse treatment facility
  • Being found mentally incompetent by a court
  • Dishonorable discharge from US Armed Forces
  • Undocumented immigrant status
  • Unlawful usage of controlled substances

NOTE: Laws are subject to change. Information provided here is not legal advice or a full summary of laws. Consult a lawyer for legal advice.


Louisiana

(Last update: Nov. 2024)

In Louisiana you may loan your firearms to another adult provided they are not prohibited from possessing a firearm. Under federal law, “prohibited possessors” are people with:

  • A felony conviction
  • A domestic violence misdemeanor conviction or restraining order against them
  • History of involuntary commitment to a mental health or substance abuse treatment facility
  • Being found mentally incompetent by a court
  • Dishonorable discharge from US Armed Forces
  • Undocumented immigrant status
  • Unlawful usage of controlled substances

Louisiana law extends the list above to people who within the past ten years were convicted of, or found not guilty by reason of insanity for, a “crime of violence” as defined in R.S. 14:2(B).

NOTE: Laws are subject to change. Information provided here is not legal advice or a full summary of laws. Consult a lawyer for legal advice.


Maine

(Last update: Nov. 2024)

In Maine you may loan your firearms to another adult provided they are not prohibited from possessing a firearm. Under federal law, “prohibited possessors” are people with:

  • A felony conviction
  • A domestic violence misdemeanor conviction or restraining order against them
  • History of involuntary commitment to a mental health or substance abuse treatment facility
  • Being found mentally incompetent by a court
  • Dishonorable discharge from US Armed Forces
  • Undocumented immigrant status
  • Unlawful usage of controlled substances

Maine law extends the list above to people who have committed a crime using a dangerous weapon or have a juvenile record of serious crimes if committed with a dangerous weapon or if bodily harm was threatened or resulted.

NOTE: Laws are subject to change. Information provided here is not legal advice or a full summary of laws. Consult a lawyer for legal advice.


Maryland

(Last update: Nov. 2024)

Maryland law requires that people who take possession of a handgun must have a handgun license; no license is required for most rifles and shotguns. Background checks are not required for temporary loans.

You may loan your firearms to another adult provided they are not prohibited from possessing a firearm, and, in the case of handguns, provided they have a handgun license. Under federal law, ‘prohibited possessors’ are people with:

  • A felony conviction
  • A domestic violence misdemeanor conviction or restraining order against them
  • History of involuntary commitment to a mental health or substance abuse treatment facility
  • Being found mentally incompetent by a court
  • Dishonorable discharge from US Armed Forces
  • Undocumented immigrant status
  • Unlawful usage of controlled substances

Maryland law extends that list to include anyone who has been convicted of a crime of violence, a crime resulting in imprisonment or statutory penalty of more than two years, is under age 30 with a history of committing these crimes as a minor, is a habitual drunkard or user of illegal drugs, suffers from a mental disorder and has a history of violent behavior against themself or another person, or has been voluntarily admitted for more than 30 consecutive days to a mental health facility without receiving proof that their mental state is no longer a safety issue.

NOTE: Laws are subject to change. Information provided here is not legal advice or a full summary of laws. Consult a lawyer for legal advice.


Massachusetts

(Last update: Nov. 2024)

Massachusetts law strictly controls transfers of firearms between individuals. Under state law, you may only loan your firearms to another person if they have a Firearm Identification Card or a License to Carry or comparable authority to possess a firearm. An alternative for people who do not have these documents but wish to protect a suicidal person by holding their firearms for them is to hold on to a critical part of the firearm that will prevent the gun from firing–such as the firing pin–rather than the guns themselves.

NOTE: Laws are subject to change. Information provided here is not legal advice or a full summary of laws. Consult a lawyer for legal advice.


Michigan

(Last update: Nov. 2024)

Under Michigan law, only people who hold a License to Carry or Permit to Purchase are legally entitled to possess a handgun or long gun, and exceptions for temporary loans are not spelled out in the law. For long guns, a permit or license is not required if a licensed firearm dealer conducts a background check on the person within five days before they take possession of the firearms. Individuals who do not meet these requirements but  want to protect a suicidal person by holding on to their guns could consider another alternative. That is to hold on to a critical part of the guns, like the firing pin, that will prevent them from firing.

NOTE: Laws are subject to change. Information provided here is not legal advice or a full summary of laws. Consult a lawyer for legal advice.


Minnesota

(Last update: Nov. 2024)

Although Minnesota requires a transfer permit or background check for transfers of handguns and semi-automatic military-style assault weapons, there are two relevant exceptions: temporary transfers to protect from threat of imminent death or great bodily harm (so long as possession lasts only as long as the threat remains) and transfers between family members (defined as spouses, domestic partners, parents, children, siblings, grandparents, and grandchildren). Under these exceptions, you may loan your firearms to another adult provided they are not prohibited from possessing a firearm. Under federal law, “prohibited possessors” are people with:

  • A felony conviction
  • A domestic violence misdemeanor conviction or restraining order against them
  • History of involuntary commitment to a mental health or substance abuse treatment facility
  • Being found mentally incompetent by a court
  • Dishonorable discharge from US Armed Forces
  • Undocumented immigrant status
  • Unlawful usage of controlled substances

Minnesota law extends the list above to people who have been convicted of certain misdemeanors, including gang-related offenses, most drug violations, child endangerment, rioting, and other crimes.

NOTE: Laws are subject to change. Information provided here is not legal advice or a full summary of laws. Consult a lawyer for legal advice.


Mississippi

(Last update: Nov. 2024)

In Mississippi you may loan your firearms to another adult provided they are not prohibited from possessing a firearm. Under federal law, “prohibited possessors” are people with:

  • A felony conviction
  • A domestic violence misdemeanor conviction or restraining order against them
  • History of involuntary commitment to a mental health or substance abuse treatment facility
  • Being found mentally incompetent by a court
  • Dishonorable discharge from US Armed Forces
  • Undocumented immigrant status
  • Unlawful usage of controlled substances

Mississippi law extends the list above to include people who are under the influence of drugs or alcohol.

NOTE: Laws are subject to change. Information provided here is not legal advice or a full summary of laws. Consult a lawyer for legal advice.


Missouri

(Last update: Nov. 2024)

In Missouri you may loan your firearms to another adult provided they are not prohibited from possessing a firearm. Under federal law, “prohibited possessors” are people with:

  • A felony conviction
  • A domestic violence misdemeanor conviction or restraining order against them
  • History of involuntary commitment to a mental health or substance abuse treatment facility
  • Being found mentally incompetent by a court
  • Dishonorable discharge from US Armed Forces
  • Undocumented immigrant status
  • Unlawful usage of controlled substances

Missouri law extends the list above to people who are habitually under the influence of substances.

NOTE: Laws are subject to change. Information provided here is not legal advice or a full summary of laws. Consult a lawyer for legal advice.


Montana

(Last update: Nov. 2024)

In Montana you may loan your firearms to another adult provided they are not prohibited from possessing a firearm. Under federal law, “prohibited possessors” are people with:

  • A felony conviction
  • A domestic violence misdemeanor conviction or restraining order against them
  • History of involuntary commitment to a mental health or substance abuse treatment facility
  • Being found mentally incompetent by a court
  • Dishonorable discharge from US Armed Forces
  • Undocumented immigrant status
  • Unlawful usage of controlled substances

The list above is extended by a state administrative regulation to people on probation or parole.

NOTE: Laws are subject to change. Information provided here is not legal advice or a full summary of laws. Consult a lawyer for legal advice.


Nebraska

(Last update: Nov. 2024)

Nebraska requires that a person must have either a handgun certificate or a concealed handgun permit before you loan your handgun to them but makes exceptions for transfers between immediate family (defined as one’s spouse, sibling, parent, child, aunt/uncle, niece, nephew, or grandparent/grandchild). No requirements for certificates or background checks are required to transfer or loan rifles or shotguns.

Firearms should not be loaned to someone who is prohibited from possessing a firearm. Under federal law, “prohibited possessors” include people with:

  • A felony conviction
  • A domestic violence misdemeanor conviction or restraining order against them
  • History of involuntary commitment to a mental health or substance abuse treatment facility
  • Being found mentally incompetent by a court
  • Dishonorable discharge from US Armed Forces
  • Undocumented immigrant status
  • Unlawful usage of controlled substances

Nebraska law extends that list to include anyone who is under 25 and committed a crime of felony level as a minor.

NOTE: Laws are subject to change. Information provided here is not legal advice or a full summary of laws. Consult a lawyer for legal advice.


Nevada

(Last update: Nov. 2024)

Although Nevada requires that a person must undergo a background check before you loan your firearm to them, it importantly makes exceptions for transfers that serve to prevent great bodily harm or death and last only as long as necessary to prevent harm. Exceptions are also made for transfers between family members, which are defined as spouses and domestic partners and any of the following relations, whether by whole or half blood, adoption, or step-relation: parents, children, siblings, grandparents, grandchildren, aunts, uncles, nieces and nephews.

Firearms should not be loaned to someone who is prohibited from possessing a firearm. Under federal law, “prohibited possessors” include people with:

  • A felony conviction
  • A domestic violence misdemeanor conviction or restraining order against them
  • History of involuntary commitment to a mental health or substance abuse treatment facility
  • Being found mentally incompetent by a court
  • Dishonorable discharge from US Armed Forces
  • Undocumented immigrant status
  • Unlawful usage of controlled substances

Nevada law extends this list to people convicted of stalking offenses.

NOTE: Laws are subject to change. Information provided here is not legal advice or a full summary of laws. Consult a lawyer for legal advice.


New Hampshire

(Last update: Nov. 2024)

In New Hampshire you may loan your firearms to another adult provided they are not prohibited from possessing a firearm. Under federal law, “prohibited possessors” are people with:

  • A felony conviction
  • A domestic violence misdemeanor conviction or restraining order against them
  • History of involuntary commitment to a mental health or substance abuse treatment facility
  • Being found mentally incompetent by a court
  • Dishonorable discharge from US Armed Forces
  • Undocumented immigrant status
  • Unlawful usage of controlled substances

NOTE: Laws are subject to change. Information provided here is not legal advice or a full summary of laws. Consult a lawyer for legal advice.


New Jersey

(Last update: Nov. 2024)

New Jersey law strictly controls firearm transfers between individuals. Under state law, you may only loan your firearms to another adult if they possess a Permit to Permit for each handgun transferred or a Firearm Purchaser Identification Card for any number of rifles or shotguns. Exceptions are made for transfers between immediate family (defined as one’s spouse, domestic partner, grandparent, grandchild, parent, child, or sibling by law or blood). Firearms should not be loaned to someone who is prohibited from possessing a firearm. Under federal law, “prohibited possessors” include people with:

  • A felony conviction
  • A domestic violence misdemeanor conviction or restraining order against them
  • History of involuntary commitment to a mental health or substance abuse treatment facility
  • Being found mentally incompetent by a court
  • Dishonorable discharge from US Armed Forces
  • Undocumented immigrant status
  • Unlawful usage of controlled substances

New Jersey law extends that list to include anyone convicted of a “crime” (an offense for which the minimum sentence is 6 months), past commitment to an institution for a mental disorder (including voluntarily commitment) unless they attain proof (like a certification from a doctor) that their mental disorder no longer interferes with safe gun usage, past conviction for the use, possession, or sale of most illegal drugs, or who is subject to a court order banning them from possessing any firearm.

NOTE: Laws are subject to change. Information provided here is not legal advice or a full summary of laws. Consult a lawyer for legal advice.


New Mexico

(Last update: Nov. 2024)

In New Mexico you may loan your firearms to another adult provided they are not prohibited from possessing a firearm. Under federal law, “prohibited possessors” are people with:

  • A felony conviction
  • A domestic violence misdemeanor conviction or restraining order against them
  • History of involuntary commitment to a mental health or substance abuse treatment facility
  • Being found mentally incompetent by a court
  • Dishonorable discharge from US Armed Forces
  • Undocumented immigrant status
  • Unlawful usage of controlled substances

New Mexico law extends that list to include anyone who convicted of stalking.

NOTE: Laws are subject to change. Information provided here is not legal advice or a full summary of laws. Consult a lawyer for legal advice.


New York

(Last update: Nov. 2024)

New York requires that a person who receives handguns or semi-automatic rifles must have a firearm license that lists each firearm in their possession. The license process can take up to 6 months. Given these constraints, an alternative to holding onto an at-risk person’s guns is to hold onto a critical component which will render the guns incapable of firing, such as the firing pin.
If the person at risk has only shotguns or traditional rifles, they may loan their guns to another person without that person being required to have a license that lists those guns. However, a background check is still required by law. Exceptions are made for transfers between immediate family (defined as spouses, domestic partners, children, and stepchildren).

Firearms should not be loaned to someone who is prohibited from possessing a firearm. Under federal law, “prohibited possessors” include people with:

  • A felony conviction
  • A domestic violence misdemeanor conviction or restraining order against them
  • History of involuntary commitment to a mental health or substance abuse treatment facility
  • Being found mentally incompetent by a court
  • Dishonorable discharge from US Armed Forces
  • Undocumented immigrant status
  • Unlawful usage of controlled substances

New York law extends that list to include anyone who has any of various criminal charges including illegally using, carrying or possessing a dangerous weapon; making or possessing burglar’s instruments; buying or receiving stolen property; unlawful entry into a building; certain kinds of disorderly conduct; certain drug offenses, child endangerment; certain crimes involving prostitution; certain kinds of stalking; and certain violent or threatening crimes committed against a member of the same family or household.

Given these constraints, an alternative for those wishing to hold onto firearms for a suicidal person is to hold onto a critical component of the guns–such as the firing pin–rendering the guns incapable of firing, rather than the guns themselves.

NOTE: Laws are subject to change. Information provided here is not legal advice or a full summary of laws. Consult a lawyer for legal advice.


North Carolina

(Last update: Nov. 2024)

In North Carolina, you may loan your firearms to another adult provided they are not legally prohibited from possessing a firearm. Under federal law, “prohibited possessors” are people with:

  • A felony conviction
  • A domestic violence misdemeanor conviction or restraining order against them
  • History of involuntary commitment to a mental health or substance abuse treatment facility
  • Being found mentally incompetent by a court
  • Dishonorable discharge from US Armed Forces
  • Undocumented immigrant status
  • Unlawful usage of controlled substances

North Carolina law extends that list to include people on probation or parole under certain conditions.

NOTE: Laws are subject to change. Information provided here is not legal advice or a full summary of laws. Consult a lawyer for legal advice.


North Dakota

(Last update: Nov. 2024)

In North Dakota, you may loan your firearms to another adult provided they are not legally prohibited from possessing a firearm. Under federal law, “prohibited possessors” are people with:

  • A felony conviction
  • A domestic violence misdemeanor conviction or restraining order against them
  • History of involuntary commitment to a mental health or substance abuse treatment facility
  • Being found mentally incompetent by a court
  • Dishonorable discharge from US Armed Forces
  • Undocumented immigrant status
  • Unlawful usage of controlled substances

North Dakota law extends that list to include people who within the past ten years were judged delinquent for an offense that if committed by an adult would have been a felony.

NOTE: Laws are subject to change. Information provided here is not legal advice or a full summary of laws. Consult a lawyer for legal advice.


Ohio

(Last update: Nov. 2024)

In Ohio you may loan your firearms to another adult provided they are not prohibited from possessing a firearm. Under federal law, “prohibited possessors” are people with:

  • A felony conviction
  • A domestic violence misdemeanor conviction or restraining order against them
  • History of involuntary commitment to a mental health or substance abuse treatment facility
  • Being found mentally incompetent by a court
  • Dishonorable discharge from US Armed Forces
  • Undocumented immigrant status
  • Unlawful usage of controlled substances

NOTE: Laws are subject to change. Information provided here is not legal advice or a full summary of laws. Consult a lawyer for legal advice.


Oklahoma

(Last update: Nov. 2024)

In Oklahoma, you may loan your firearms to another adult provided they are not legally prohibited from possessing a firearm. Under federal law, “prohibited possessors” are people with:

  • A felony conviction
  • A domestic violence misdemeanor conviction or restraining order against them
  • History of involuntary commitment to a mental health or substance abuse treatment facility
  • Being found mentally incompetent by a court
  • Dishonorable discharge from US Armed Forces
  • Undocumented immigrant status
  • Unlawful usage of controlled substances

Oklahoma law extends that list to include people who within the past ten years were judged delinquent for an offense that if committed by an adult would have been a felony.

NOTE: Laws are subject to change. Information provided here is not legal advice or a full summary of laws. Consult a lawyer for legal advice.


Oregon

(Last update: Nov. 2024)

While Oregon requires that a person must undergo a background check before you can loan your firearms to them, it makes several exceptions. The most relevant is when loans are for the purpose of preventing death or serious injury, provided the loan lasts only as long as is necessary to prevent harm. It also exempts transfers between immediate family (defined as spouse, domestic, partner, parent, gaurdian, sibling, child, aunt, uncle, grandshildren, gransparent, including foster, in-law, and step relationships). Firearms should not be loaned to someone who is prohibited from possessing a firearm. Under federal law, “prohibited possessors” include people with:

  • A felony conviction
  • A domestic violence misdemeanor conviction or restraining order against them
  • History of involuntary commitment to a mental health or substance abuse treatment facility
  • Being found mentally incompetent by a court
  • Dishonorable discharge from US Armed Forces

Oregon law extends that list to include anyone who was judged delinquent as a minor within the past four years for certain felony-level or violence-related offenses, who has been convicted of stalking, is on probation, or who is banned from having guns due to court-declared mental illness.

NOTE: Laws are subject to change. Information provided here is not legal advice or a full summary of laws. Consult a lawyer for legal advice.


Pennsylvania

(Last update: Nov. 2024)

Pennsylvania requires that a person must undergo a background check before you loan your handguns to them but makes exceptions for loans to immediate family (defined as spouse, parent, child, grandparent, and grandchild). Background checks can be done at a licensed firearm retail business or a county sheriff’s office. Checks are not required in the case of rifles and shotguns unless they are short-barreled. Following the check, firearms may be loaned to adults provided you have no reason to believe they are legally prohibited from possessing them. Under federal law, “prohibited possessors” include people with:

  • A felony conviction
  • A domestic violence misdemeanor conviction or restraining order against them
  • History of involuntary commitment to a mental health or substance abuse treatment facility
  • Being found mentally incompetent by a court
  • Dishonorable discharge from US Armed Forces
  • Undocumented immigrant status
  • Unlawful usage of controlled substances

Pennsylvania law extends that list to include anyone who has been convicted of certain weapons-related crimes, organized crime-related offenses, stalking, kidnapping, unlawful restraint, robbery, burglary, causing or risking catastrophe, some assault crimes, arson, luring a child into a motor vehicle, impersonating a law enforcement officer, drug related offenses. People who, as minors, were judged delinquent for acts that would be serious crimes if committed by an adult are also barred from possessing firearms for 15 years or until they turn 30.

NOTE: Laws are subject to change. Information provided here is not legal advice or a full summary of laws. Consult a lawyer for legal advice.


Rhode Island

(Last update: Nov. 2024)

Rhode Island requires certain steps for purchasing a firearm and does not appear to exempt people who receive firearms as a temporary loan from following these steps. The requirements include filling out a form, waiting seven days before taking possession, and–in the case of handguns but not rifles or shotguns–showing evidence of having taken basic handgun training.

For individuals not meeting these requirements who are willing to hold an at-risk person’s firearms, one option is to hold not the firearms themselves but a critical component (like the firing pin) to render the guns unable to fire. For those who do meet the RI requirements, firearms may be loaned to another adult provided they are not prohibited from possessing them. Under federal law, “prohibited possessors” are people with:

  • A felony conviction
  • A domestic violence misdemeanor conviction or restraining order against them
  • History of involuntary commitment to a mental health or substance abuse treatment facility
  • Being found mentally incompetent by a court
  • Dishonorable discharge from US Armed Forces
  • Undocumented immigrant status
  • Unlawful usage of controlled substances

Rhode Island law extends that list to include people who have been convicted of, or pleaded no contest to, “crimes of violence.”

NOTE: Laws are subject to change. Information provided here is not legal advice or a full summary of laws. Consult a lawyer for legal advice.


South Carolina

(Last update: Nov. 2024)

In South Carolina you may loan your firearms to another adult provided they are not prohibited from possessing a firearm. Under federal law, “prohibited possessors” are people with:

  • A felony conviction
  • A domestic violence misdemeanor conviction or restraining order against them
  • History of involuntary commitment to a mental health or substance abuse treatment facility
  • Being found mentally incompetent by a court
  • Dishonorable discharge from US Armed Forces
  • Undocumented immigrant status
  • Unlawful usage of controlled substances

South Carolina law extends that list to include people who are “habitual drunkards,” members of “subversive organizations,” and those who have been declared in court unfit to possess a firearm.

NOTE: Laws are subject to change. Information provided here is not legal advice or a full summary of laws. Consult a lawyer for legal advice.


South Dakota

(Last update: Nov. 2024)

n South Dakota you may loan your firearms to another adult provided they are not prohibited from possessing a firearm. Under federal law, “prohibited possessors” are people with:

  • A felony conviction
  • A domestic violence misdemeanor conviction or restraining order against them
  • History of involuntary commitment to a mental health or substance abuse treatment facility
  • Being found mentally incompetent by a court
  • Dishonorable discharge from US Armed Forces
  • Undocumented immigrant status
  • Unlawful usage of controlled substances

South Dakota law extends that list to include people who have been convicted of a crime involving violence within the past 15 years.

NOTE: Laws are subject to change. Information provided here is not legal advice or a full summary of laws. Consult a lawyer for legal advice.


Tennessee

(Last update: Nov. 2024)

In Tennessee you may loan your firearms to another adult provided they are not prohibited from possessing a firearm. Under federal law, “prohibited possessors” are people with:

  • A felony conviction
  • A domestic violence misdemeanor conviction or restraining order against them
  • History of involuntary commitment to a mental health or substance abuse treatment facility
  • Being found mentally incompetent by a court
  • Dishonorable discharge from US Armed Forces
  • Undocumented immigrant status
  • Unlawful usage of controlled substances

Tennessee law extends that list to include people who are under the influence of alcohol or controlled substances (drugs), people under the age of 25 who were found delinquent as juveniles of a crime that as an adult would be a felony, and people convicted of stalking.

NOTE: Laws are subject to change. Information provided here is not legal advice or a full summary of laws. Consult a lawyer for legal advice.


Texas

(Last update: Nov. 2024)

In Texas you may loan your firearms to another adult provided they are not prohibited from possessing a firearm. Under federal law, “prohibited possessors” are people with:

  • A felony conviction
  • A domestic violence misdemeanor conviction or restraining order against them
  • History of involuntary commitment to a mental health or substance abuse treatment facility
  • Being found mentally incompetent by a court
  • Dishonorable discharge from US Armed Forces
  • Undocumented immigrant status
  • Unlawful usage of controlled substances

NOTE: Laws are subject to change. Information provided here is not legal advice or a full summary of laws. Consult a lawyer for legal advice.


Utah

(Last update: Nov. 2024)

In Utah you may loan your firearms to another adult provided they are not prohibited from possessing a firearm. Under federal law, “prohibited possessors” are people with:

  • A felony conviction
  • A domestic violence misdemeanor conviction or restraining order against them
  • History of involuntary commitment to a mental health or substance abuse treatment facility
  • Being found mentally incompetent by a court
  • Dishonorable discharge from US Armed Forces
  • Undocumented immigrant status
  • Unlawful usage of controlled substances

Utah law extends that list to include people who are on probation or parole for a felony, were found delinquent in the past 7 years as a minor for a crime that would be considered a felony if convicted as an adult (or within the past 10 years if the felony-type crime were a violent one), have been convicted of a gang-related crime within the past 5 years, or unlawfully use or possess drugs.

NOTE: Laws are subject to change. Information provided here is not legal advice or a full summary of laws. Consult a lawyer for legal advice.


Vermont

(Last update: Nov. 2024)

In Vermont, you may loan your firearms to another adult provided they are not legally prohibited from possessing a firearm. Under federal law, “prohibited possessors” are people with:

  • A felony conviction
  • A domestic violence misdemeanor conviction or restraining order against them
  • History of involuntary commitment to a mental health or substance abuse treatment facility
  • Being found mentally incompetent by a court
  • Dishonorable discharge from US Armed Forces
  • Undocumented immigrant status
  • Unlawful usage of controlled substances

Vermont  law extends that list to include people who have been convicted of certain additional violent or stalking crimes. Although Vermont recently passed legislation requiring background checks for most private firearm transfers, exceptions are made if the transfer is made to another adult to prevent imminent harm (for as long as the threat of harm exists) and for loans between family members or to law enforcement agencies.

NOTE: Laws are subject to change. Information provided here is not legal advice or a full summary of laws. Consult a lawyer for legal advice.


Virginia

(Last update: Nov. 2024)

In Virginia, you may loan your firearms to another adult provided they are not legally prohibited from possessing a firearm. Under federal law, “prohibited possessors” are people with:

  • A felony conviction
  • A domestic violence misdemeanor conviction or restraining order against them
  • History of involuntary commitment to a mental health or substance abuse treatment facility
  • Being found mentally incompetent by a court
  • Dishonorable discharge from US Armed Forces
  • Undocumented immigrant status
  • Unlawful usage of controlled substances

Virginia law extends that list to include people who are under the age of 29 and were found guilty as a juvenile of crimes that would be a felony if committed by an adult. While Virginia has a “universal background check” law, it applies  to sales of firearms for money or valuable goods/services, not to temporary loans to protect from harm.

NOTE: Laws are subject to change. Information provided here is not legal advice or a full summary of laws. Consult a lawyer for legal advice.


Washington

(Last update: Nov. 2024)

Washington requires that a person must undergo a background check before you loan your firearms to them, but makes some exceptions for temporary transfers made to prevent great bodily harm, death, or suicide, when the gun remains unused. The loan can remain in place as long as nessesary to assure saftey. Exceptions to the background check requirement also apply to transfers between family members (defined as parent, parent-in-law, child, child-in-law, sibling, sibling-in-law, spouse, grandparent, grandchild, aunt/uncle, niece/nephew, first cousin).

Firearms may not be loaned to someone who is legally prohibited from possessing a firearm.  Under federal law, “prohibited possessors” are people with:

  • A felony conviction
  • A domestic violence misdemeanor conviction or restraining order against them
  • History of involuntary commitment to a mental health or substance abuse treatment facility
  • Being found mentally incompetent by a court
  • Dishonorable discharge from US Armed Forces
  • Undocumented immigrant status
  • Unlawful usage of controlled substances

Washington law extends that list to include people who have been detained within the past six months at a facility for a mental health evaluation after presenting risk of serious harm, or have not had their rights restored after involuntary commitment to a mental institution, have been found incompetent with history of violence by a court during a serious offense trial, who are not a US citizen and lack an “alien firearm license,” or have certain misdemeanor convictions (stalking, cyberstalking, harassment, unlawful carrying or handling of a firearm, animal cruelty in the second degree, and intoxicated driving offenses.)

NOTE: Laws are subject to change. Information provided here is not legal advice or a full summary of laws. Consult a lawyer for legal advice.


West Virginia

(Last update: Nov. 2024)

In West Virginia you may loan your firearms to another adult provided they are not legally prohibited from possessing a firearm. Under federal law, “prohibited possessors” are people with:

  • A felony conviction
  • A domestic violence misdemeanor conviction or restraining order against them
  • History of involuntary commitment to a mental health or substance abuse treatment facility
  • Being found mentally incompetent by a court
  • Dishonorable discharge from US Armed Forces
  • Undocumented immigrant status
  • Unlawful usage of controlled substances

West Virginia extends the above list to persons addicted to alcohol.

NOTE: Laws are subject to change. Information provided here is not legal advice or a full summary of laws. Consult a lawyer for legal advice.


Wisconsin

(Last update: Nov. 2024)

In Wisconsin you may loan your firearms to another adult provided they are not prohibited from possessing a firearm. Under federal law, “prohibited possessors” are people with:

  • A felony conviction
  • A domestic violence misdemeanor conviction or restraining order against them
  • History of involuntary commitment to a mental health or substance abuse treatment facility
  • Being found mentally incompetent by a court
  • Dishonorable discharge from US Armed Forces
  • Undocumented immigrant status
  • Unlawful usage of controlled substances

Wisconsin law extends that list to include people who as juveniles were adjudicated delinquent for a felony-type crime committed on or after 4/21/1994.

NOTE: Laws are subject to change. Information provided here is not legal advice or a full summary of laws. Consult a lawyer for legal advice.

Wyoming

(Last update: Nov. 2024)

In Wyoming you may loan your firearms to someone provided they are not prohibited from possessing a firearm. Under federal law, “prohibited possessors” are people with:

  • A felony conviction
  • A domestic violence misdemeanor conviction or restraining order against them
  • History of involuntary commitment to a mental health or substance abuse treatment facility
  • Being found mentally incompetent by a court
  • Dishonorable discharge from US Armed Forces
  • Undocumented immigrant status
  • Unlawful usage of controlled substances

NOTE: Laws are subject to change. Information provided here is not legal advice or a full summary of laws. Consult a lawyer for legal advice.


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